sudo aptitude install jhead

To rename the photos to “year-month-date_hour-min-sec” format:

1. Go to the photo folder

chenhow@laptop:~$ cd Desktop/BBs/

2. Run Jhead utility with below parameter

chenhow@laptop:~/Desktop/BBs$ jhead -n%Y-%m-%d_%H-%M-%S *.jpg

3. Then your photos will be renaming and the format will look like this

Before rename

chenhow@chenhow-laptop:~/Desktop/BBs$ ls
Photo0594.jpg  Photo0598.jpg  Photo0600.jpg

After rename

chenhow@chenhow-laptop:~/Desktop/BBs$ jhead -n%Y-%m-%d_%H-%M-%S *.jpg
Photo0594.jpg –> 2009-10-04_05-57-56.jpg
Photo0598.jpg –> 2009-10-04_06-05-13.jpg
Photo0600.jpg –> 2009-10-04_06-11-16.jpg

For help, type jhead -h or visit http://www.sentex.net/~mwandel/jhead/.

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Here, we’re going to talk about using HTTP method to perform Kickstart.

Prerequisite:

1. Boot media (for creating a USB bootdisk, you can refer to my earlier article)
2. You should have the Centos installation CD/image to crate the installation tree
3. Running Webserver for Kick Start OS installation
4. Running DHCP server (Optional)

Setting Up Kickstart server:

1. Create a directory name “Centos5.5″ in your webserver DocumentRoot.
   • eg: mount -o ro /dev/sdc /media/cdrom
2. Insert the Centos CD-ROMs and copy all the binaries into that directory (copy the binaries from all the installation CD-ROMs)
   • eg: cp iVaf /media/cdrom/Centos /var/www/html/Centos5.5
3. Create an answer file for automate the installation process.
   • You can use any kick start configurator tool or refer to the file /root/anaconda-ks.cfg in any of your Linux machine.

   

   • Or you may download my sample ks.cfg (507) as reference
4. Copy the ks.cfg file to your Centos5.5 directory.
5. You will have 1 new directory and 1 ks.cfg created like below:
   • For example /var/www/html is your DocumentRoot
   • You will have /var/www/html/Centos5.5 and /var/www/html/Centos5.5/ks.cfg
6. Attached boot media and then boot up the machine that you want to perform Kickstart OS installation.
7. Configure the BIOS setting to make your boot media as “First Boot Device”
   • For my case cause I’m using USB hard disk, so my “First Boot Device” should be Removable.
   • Save the BIOS setting then continue

   

   

   

   

8. You will see OS installation menu screen, fro there type in below BOLD command
   • boot: linux ks=http://192.168.1.1/~chenhow/Centos5.5/ks.cfg
   • 192.168.1.1 is my Web server IP
   • ~/chenhow is my subdirectories (I’m using userdir module for lighttpd)

   
   
   

9. Then, the installation process will start and everything should be automated.

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Prerequisite:

1. You must have a USB storage device like flash/pen drive or hard disk. In my scenario, I only have a USB hard disk and I’m gonna make it as a boot disk to kick start the network installation.
2. You should have the Centos installation CD/image.
3. Running Webserver for Kick Start (unattended) OS installation.
4. Running Linux/Unix OS to create the USB boot disk.

Create USB boot disk:

1. Connect you USB device to a running Linux machine and run “dmesg” to identify the device name.
   

   My USB hard disk being recognized as /dev/sdb

   

2. Use “fdisk” to partition /dev/sdb

   

   1. Create 2 partitions
      1. 100 MB for boot image, boot image partition is Primary 1
      2. Remaining for storage, storage image partition is Primary 2
      3. Tag boot image partition as bootable
      4. Set boot image partition type to FAT32 (type number 1)
      5. Save & Exit

      
      
      
      

   2. Format the partition
      1. Format boot image partition as FAT32

      

      2. Format storage partition as EXT3

      

3. Copy required files from Centos CD to /dev/sdb1
   1. Mount /dev/sdb1 to /mnt
      

      [root@localhost ~]# mount /dev/sdb1 /mnt

   2. Copy the contents of /Centos/isolinux to /mnt from the 1^st CD
      (p/s: isolinux.bin, boot.cat and TRANS.TBL are note needed)

      [root@localhost ~]# cp -R /root/Desktop/isolinux/* /mnt/ [root@localhost ~]# cd /mnt [root@localhost mnt]# rm -rf isolinux.bin boot.cat TRANS.TBL

   3. Rename isolinux configuration file to syslinux.cfg
      

      [root@localhost mnt]# mv isolinux.cfg syslinux.cfg

   4. Copy the installer’s initial RAM disk /Centos/images/pxeboot/initrd.img from the 1^st CD to /mnt
      

      [root@localhost mnt]# cp -R /root/Desktop/initrd.img /mnt/

4. Make the USB hard disk bootable. The flash drive must be unmounted in order to work properly.
   1. Umount /dev/sdb1
      

      [root@localhost isolinux]# cd [root@localhost ~]# umount /dev/sdb1

   2. Install the SYSLINUX bootloader on a FAT filesystem
      

      [root@localhost ~]# syslinux /dev/sdb1

   3. Mount /dev/sdb1 & install Grub
      

      [root@localhost ~]# mount /dev/sdb1 /mnt [root@localhost ~]# grub-install –root-directory=/mnt /dev/sdb Probing devices to guess BIOS drives. This may take a long time. Installation finished. No error reported. This is the contents of the device map /mnt/boot/grub/device.map. Check if this is correct or not. If any of the lines is incorrect, fix it and re-run the script `grub-install’. (fd0) /dev/fd0 (hd0) /dev/sda (hd1) /dev/sdb

   4. Verify that the USB hard disk has a /boot/grub directory, if no, create it manually.
      

      [root@localhost ~]# cd /mnt/boot/grub/

   5. Create grub.conf in /boot/grub. Below is a sample config for ‘grub.conf’
      

      default=0 timeout=5 root (hd1,0) title Centos 5.5 Linux Installer kernel /vmlinuz initrd /initrd.img

   6. Umount /dev/sdb1
      

      [root@localhost boot]# cd [root@localhost ~]# umount /dev/sdb1

5. USB hard disk should be bootable by now.
6. Remember to change the BIOS setting to give priority to boot removable device 1^st

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Goto the line you want to start delete, press

Esc dd # Will delete present line

2.) Delete from line 1 to end of line.

:1,$ del # Delete from line 1 to EOL

3.) Delete from present line to end of line.

:.,$ del # Delete from present line to EOL

or

Goto the line you want to start delete, press

Esc d Shift g # Will delete all the lines from present line to EOL

. -> present line

1 -> line 1

$ -> End of Line

del -> Delete

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eg:

Create a text file called ip.txt
[root@www ~]# touch ip.txt

Put all the ip into the file and save it
[root@www ~]# vi ip.txt

192.168.1.22
192.167.1.22
192.168.1.23
192.168.1.23
192.168.1.70
192.168.1.88
192.168.1.89
192.168.1.40
192.168.1.63
192.168.1.77
192.168.1.79
192.168.1.78
192.168.1.11
192.168.1.82
192.168.1.24
192.168.1.91
192.168.1.64
192.168.1.94
192.168.1.21
192.168.1.96
192.168.1.95
192.168.1.69
“ip.txt” 138 lines, 2138 characters

Execute below command to find the duplicate ip
[root@www ~]# sort ip.txt | uniq -d

#It will display all the duplicate IP
192.168.1.22

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Install Conky

- Open terminal and type the following command:

sudo apt-get install conky

- Once the installation is complete, copy the example config by copying the file from /usr/share/doc/conky/examples/conky.conf.gz  to ~/.conkyrc. Just type in the terminal:

zcat /usr/share/doc/conky/examples/conky.conf.gz > ~/.conkyrc

- Done, you can test by type in below command in terminal:

conky

Customize Conky config(conkyrc)

- Open terminal and type the following command:

sudo gedit ~/.conkyr

- Below is my conky config, you may base on this to configure your conky if you like. The config below actually conky general setting on desktop like where should conky to be place, using what text style, border and etc.

background no

text_buffer_size 2048

use_xft yes

xftfont Eurostile:size=7

xftalpha 0.7

update_interval 5.0

total_run_times 0

own_window yes

own_window_type override

own_window_transparent yes

own_window_colour hotpink

own_window_hints undecorated,below,sticky,skip_taskbar,skip_pager

double_buffer yes

minimum_size 260 5

draw_shades no

draw_outline no

draw_borders no

draw_graph_borders no

stippled_borders 3

border_margin 9

border_width 10

default_color grey

default_shade_color black

default_outline_color black

alignment top_right

gap_x 10

gap_y 35

no_buffers yes

uppercase no

cpu_avg_samples 2

net_avg_samples 2

override_utf8_locale no

use_spacer yes

show_graph_scale no

show_graph_range no

Below code is what will be show in the conky bar

TEXT

${font arial black:size=10}${color orange}SYSTEM${color}${font arial black:size=9}INFORMATION${color orange} ${hr 2}$color$font

$nodename – $sysname $kernel on $machine

${color lightgrey}Distro: ${pre_exec cat /etc/issue | grep Ubuntu | cut -c1-13} $machine

${color lightgrey}Uptime:$color $uptime ${color lightgrey}- Load:$color $loadavg

${color lightgrey}Battery: ${battery_percent CMB1}% ${battery_bar CMB1}$color

${font arial black:size=10}${color orange}CPU${color}${font arial black:size=9}INFORMATION${color orange} ${hr 2}$color$font

${color lightgrey}CPU Temp: ${acpitempf}F HDD Temp: ${execi 600 sudo hddtemp –unit=C /dev/sda2 | cut -c 24-30}

${color lightgrey}CPU Usage:${color #cc2222} $cpu% ${cpubar}

${color red}${cpugraph 0000ff 00ff00}

${color}Name PID CPU% MEM%

${color #ddaa00} ${top name 1} ${top pid 1} ${top cpu 1} ${top mem 1}

${color lightgrey} ${top name 2} ${top pid 2} ${top cpu 2} ${top mem 2}

${color lightgrey} ${top name 3} ${top pid 3} ${top cpu 3} ${top mem 3}

${color}Mem usage

${color #ddaa00} ${top_mem name 1} ${top_mem pid 1} ${top_mem cpu 1} ${top_mem mem 1}

${color lightgrey} ${top_mem name 2} ${top_mem pid 2} ${top_mem cpu 2} ${top_mem mem 2}

${color lightgrey} ${top_mem name 3} ${top_mem pid 3} ${top_mem cpu 3} ${top_mem mem 3}

${font arial black:size=10}${color orange}MEMORY${color}${font arial black:size=9}INFORMATION${color orange} ${hr 2}$color$font

${color lightgrey}RAM Usage:$color $mem/$memmax – $memperc% ${membar}

${color lightgrey}Swap Usage:$color $swap/$swapmax – $swapperc% ${swapbar}

${color lightgrey}Processes:$color $processes ${color grey}Running:$color $running_processes

${font arial black:size=10}${color orange}DISK${color}${font arial black:size=9}INFORMATION${color orange} ${hr 2}$color$font

${font arial black:size=9}VOLUME${goto 116}TYPE${goto 180}USED${alignr 1}SIZE$font

${font arial black:size=9}ROOT:$font${goto 120}${fs_type /}${goto 190}${fs_used /}${alignr}${fs_size /}

${fs_bar 4 /}$color

${font arial black:size=9}Windows:$font${goto 120}${fs_type /home/chenhow/windows}${goto 190}${fs_used /home/chenhow/windows}${alignr}${fs_size /home/chenhow/windows}

${fs_bar 4 /}$color

${font arial black:size=10}${color orange}NETWORK${color}${font arial black:size=9}INFORMATION${color orange} ${hr 2}$color$font

${font arial black:size=7}LOCAL:$font${addr ppp0} $alignr ${color}

${font arial black:size=7}DOWN: $font$color${downspeed ppp0} k/s ${alignr}${font arial black:size=7}UP: $font${upspeed eth0} k/s

${downspeedgraph ppp0 25,140 0000ff 00ff00} ${alignr}${upspeedgraph ppp0 25,140 0000ff 00ff00}$color

${font arial black:size=9}TOTAL: $font${totaldown ppp0} ${alignr}${font arial black:size=9}TOTAL: $font${totalup ppp0}

${color orange}${hr 2}$color

${color #ddaa00}Port(s)${alignr}#Connections

$color Inbound: ${tcp_portmon 1 32767 count} Outbound: ${tcp_portmon 32768 61000 count}${alignr}ALL: ${tcp_portmon 1 65535 count}

${color #ddaa00}Inbound Connection ${alignr} Local Service/Port$color

${tcp_portmon 1 32767 rhost 0} ${alignr} ${tcp_portmon 1 32767 lservice 0}

${tcp_portmon 1 32767 rhost 1} ${alignr} ${tcp_portmon 1 32767 lservice 1}

${tcp_portmon 1 32767 rhost 2} ${alignr} ${tcp_portmon 1 32767 lservice 2}

${tcp_portmon 1 32767 rhost 3} ${alignr} ${tcp_portmon 1 32767 lservice 3}

${tcp_portmon 1 32767 rhost 4} ${alignr} ${tcp_portmon 1 32767 lservice 4}

${color #ddaa00}Outbound Connection ${alignr} Remote Service/Port$color

${tcp_portmon 32768 61000 rhost 0} ${alignr} ${tcp_portmon 32768 61000 rservice 0}

${tcp_portmon 32768 61000 rhost 1} ${alignr} ${tcp_portmon 32768 61000 rservice 1}

${tcp_portmon 32768 61000 rhost 2} ${alignr} ${tcp_portmon 32768 61000 rservice 2}

${tcp_portmon 32768 61000 rhost 3} ${alignr} ${tcp_portmon 32768 61000 rservice 3}

${tcp_portmon 32768 61000 rhost 4} ${alignr} ${tcp_portmon 32768 61000 rservice 4}

${color orange}${hr 2}$color

${color}TODO:

${execi 20 cat /home/chenhow/Desktop/TODO.txt | fold -w40 }

The above configurations are the default setting that I used in my system. When you are more familiar with it, you can change it to suit your needs.

Attached is my conky config, feel free to download and modify.

Download chenhow conky config file: conky (309)

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So how apt-p2p can increase the upgrade speed?
As mentioned earlier, apt-p2p will get the request files from peers, therefore, it will avoid the congestion on the ubuntu mirrors.

Steps:
1. Install apt-p2p

sudo apt-get install apt-p2p

2. Prepare sources.list

#Backup sources.list

chenhow@chenhow:-$ sudo cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list-apt-p2p-backup

3. Edit sources.list

#Add “localhost:9977″ after the “http://”
deb http://localhost:9977/archive.canonical.com/ubuntu hardy partner
deb-src http://localhost:9977/archive.canonical.com/ubuntu hardy partner
deb http://localhost:9977/*mirror-address*/ubuntu/ hardy main universe restricted multiverse
deb-src http://localhost:9977/*mirror-address*/ubuntu/ hardy main universe restricted multiverse

4. Update packages

sudo rm -rf /var/cache/apt-p2p/cache/*
chenhow@chenhow:-$ sudo apt-get update

5. Start upgrade from Interpid to Jaunty

chenhow@chenhow:-$ sudo update-manager -d

6. Check peers, downloads and uploads speed and DHT statistics

Open Internet browser, go to http://localhost:9977

7. Done

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But recently I have regained that interest and start looking for some very famous RPG games that I played before like 金庸群侠传 and 侠客英雄传. I know these 2 are very very old games, but I still enjoy playing it.

Since I’m using Ubuntu, so I have to install WINE and Dosbox in order to play the game.

1. To install WINE and Dosbox

sudo apt-get install wine dosbox

2. After installed WINE and Dosbox, use WINE to install the game

wine installer.exe

Eg:(Follow the wizard to complete the installation, if you are installing chinese game, change your gnome session to chinese in order to read the chinese character)

3. Once finish install the game, run dosbox

Goto Applications>Games>DOSBox Emulator

4. Then type the following command in DOSBox Emulator

- mount c /home//.wine                           ### Mount C to wine directory

- c:                                                         ### Change to C Drive

- cd DRIVE_C/PROGRA~1/JINGYONG/  ### Go to your game installed directory

- PLAY.BAT                                          ### Execute the game

Eg:

5. Enjoy the game ^_^

*Note: If you encounter “DOS memory range unavailable” error, is because Linux kernel prevents programs (Wine) from accessing the first 64k of kernel memory. To solve this problem, run this command:

sudo sysctl -w vm.mmap_min_addr=0

• July 28, 2008 -- Firefox 3 Crashes With Flash (1)
• July 26, 2008 -- [Ubuntu] Run Thotkeeper in Ubuntu Hardy (3)
• February 14, 2008 -- [Ubuntu] Install Flash Plugin for Mozilla Firefox (5)

If you can’t wait and wanted to try it immediately, you may upgrade to Ubuntu 8.10 beta now. The following link provide the details steps on how to upgrade from Ubuntu 8.04 to Ubuntu 8.10 beta.

http://www.ubuntugeek.com/upgrade-ubuntu-804-hardy-heron-to-ubuntu-810-intrepid-ibex-beta.html

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Last time when I saw my Windows user friend showing off how fast he’s able to launch his application using ‘Launchy‘, I was so impressed and thinking why don’t we have similar application running in Ubuntu Desktop. So I did a search and finally I found an application called Gnome Do, a launcher allows you to quickly search for many items in your desktop environment. And it do not only allows you to search items, it also allows you to specify actions to perform on search results.

To install Gnome DO:

Steps

1. open terminal and type

sudo apt-get install gnome-do

2. Once Gnome Do is installed, first you need to manually run the application, then only you can summon it by pressing Super<Windows Key> + Space.

3. Instead of running Gnome-do manually everytimes, you can add Gnome-do to become startup programs. Just go to System>Preferences>Sessions>Startup Programs tab

• Click Add
• Enter any name on “Name:” field
• Enter “/usr/bin/gnome-do” on “Command:” field
• reboot

4. Now everytimes you login, Gnome-do will be running on backgroup. So you can summon gnome-do by only pressing Super<Windows Key> + Space

5. Done

To use Gnome-do, press the summon key and type the keyword of the file or application which you wanted to open or run.

Source: https://wiki.ubuntu.com/GnomeDo